Search results for " dosing"
showing 10 items of 13 documents
Focal nodular hyperplasia: a weight-based, intraindividual comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI
2019
PURPOSE: We aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the enhancement pattern of focal nodular hyperplasia after gadobenate dimeglumine and gadoxetate disodium injection in the same patient. METHODS: 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of 16 patients with 21 focal nodular hyperplasias studied after the injection of both contrast media were evaluated. Both MRI studies were performed in all patients. A qualitative analysis was performed evaluating each lesion in all phases. For quantitative analysis we calculated signal intensity ratio, lesion-to-liver contrast ratio and liver parenchyma signal intensity gain on hepatobiliary phase. Statistical analysis was performed w…
Improved effectiveness from individualized dosing of self-administered biologics for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a 5-year retrospe…
2019
Background: Biologics for moderate-to-severe psoriasis are expensive and treatment substitutions may vastly increase cost. Moreover, administration regimens in routine practice may differ from recommended guidelines. Objectives: To evaluate long-term effectiveness, regimen, drug-survival, and efficiency of self-administered biologics in clinical practice. Methods: We performed a 5-year retrospective study in 72 patients (44 ± 14 years old) with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at the University Hospital La Plana (Vila-real, Spain), treated with subcutaneous biologics. We determined the effectiveness (PASI 75 or PASI < 5), and drug-survival using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and analyzed reasons for …
Immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine administered according to an alternative dosing schedule compared wit…
2011
BACKGROUND: The human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine is immunogenic, has a clinically acceptable safety profile, and prevents incident and persistent HPV-16/18 infection and cervical precancerous lesions. This study (NCT00552279) evaluated the vaccine when administered according to an alternative dosing schedule (0-1-12 months) compared with the standard dosing schedule (0-1-6 months). METHODS: The study was of randomized open design and was conducted at multiple centers in Europe. Healthy women aged 15 to 25 years were randomized (1:1) to receive HPV-16/18 vaccine according to the standard schedule at months 0, 1, and 6 (n = 401) or an alternative schedule at months 0, …
Mitigating DDoS using weight‐based geographical clustering
2020
Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks have for the last two decades been among the greatest threats facing the internet infrastructure. Mitigating DDoS attacks is a particularly challenging task as an attacker tries to conceal a huge amount of traffic inside a legitimate traffic flow. This article proposes to use data mining approaches to find unique hidden data structures which are able to characterize the normal traffic flow. This will serve as a mean for filtering illegitimate traffic under DDoS attacks. In this endeavor, we devise three algorithms built on previously uncharted areas within mitigation techniques where clustering techniques are used to create geographical clusters …
Coverage, efficacy or dosing interval: which factor predominantly influences the impact of routine childhood vaccination for the prevention of varice…
2016
Background Varicella is a highly infectious disease with a significant public health and economic burden, which can be prevented with childhood routine varicella vaccination. Vaccination strategies differ by country. Some factors are known to play an important role (number of doses, coverage, dosing interval, efficacy and catch-up programmes), however, their relative impact on the reduction of varicella in the population remains unclear. This paper aims to help policy makers prioritise the critical factors to achieve the most successful vaccination programme with the available budget. Methods Scenarios assessed the impact of different vaccination strategies on reduction of varicella disease…
Weight-based dosing: Which impact on efficacy and safety of therapy?
2004
Abstract Pegylated interferons (PEG-IFNs) in combination with ribavirin represent the most recent advance in the treatment of patients withchronic hepatitis C (CHC): two large clinical trials have shown a superior efficacy in clearing HCV in almost 60% of treated naive patients. Responses to antiviral treatment of CHC vary according to both viral and host factors. Managing patients with CHC infection requires individualised treatment strategies to optimise outcomes. Several landmark publications on PEG-IFNs have reported that weight is a significant predictive factor for SVR in the treatment of CHC with fixed-dose drug administration. With fixed-dose treatment, there is a direct correlation…
Europäische Leitlinien (S1) für die Anwendung von hochdosierten intravenösen Immunglobulinen in der Dermatologie.
2017
Hintergrund und Ziele Die Behandlung schwerer dermatologischer Autoimmunerkrankungen und der toxischen epidermalen Nekrolyse (TEN) mit hochdosierten intravenosen Immunglobulinen (IVIg) ist ein bewahrtes therapeutisches Verfahren in der Dermatologie. Da eine IVIg‐Therapie in der Regel nur bei seltenen Erkrankungen oder bei schweren Fallen in Betracht gezogen wird, stutzt sich die Anwendung von Immunglobulinen zumeist nicht auf Daten aus randomisierten kontrollierten Studien, wie sie in der evidenzbasierten Medizin erforderlich sind. Da Indikationen fur die Anwendung von IVIg selten sind, ist es unwahrscheinlich, dass solche Studien in absehbarer Zeit durchgefuhrt werden. Wegen der hohen Kost…
Impact of nutritional status on the oral bioavailability of leucine administered to rats as part of a standard enteral diet.
2010
Summary Background To investigate the absorption and relative bioavailability of leucine administered orally as part of an enteral diet in well and malnourished animals. Methods Two groups – RN (regular nutrition) and PCR (protein-calorie restricted) – were fed with different diets for 23–25 days. Rats from each group were assigned randomly to one of three treatments (water, T-Diet Plus Standard ® (problem) or Isosource ST ® (reference)) administered in single ( N = 76) or multiple ( N = 39) doses. Blood samples were assayed for leucine content. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by non-compartmental analysis. Log-transformed AUC(s) were statistically compared by analysis of varian…
Fluticasone in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis relapse: A randomized controlled trial
2018
Background: The long-term efficacy of corticosteroids to prevent atopic dermatitis (AD) relapses has partially been addressed in children. This study compared an intermittent dosing regimen of fluticasone propionate (FP) cream 0.05% with its vehicle base in reducing the risk of relapse in children with stabilized AD. Methods A randomized controlled, multicentric, double-blind trial was conducted. Children (2-10 years) with mild/moderate AD (exclusion criteria: > 30% affected body surface area and/or head) were enrolled into an Open-label Stabilization Phase (OSP) of up to 2 weeks on twice daily FP. Those who achieved treatment success entered the Double-blind Maintenance Phase (DMP). They w…
Effect of multiple honey doses on non-specific acute cough in children. An open randomised study and literature review.
2015
Abstract Background Honey is recommended for non-specific acute paediatric cough by the Australian guidelines. Current available randomised clinical trials evaluated the effects of a single evening dose of honey, but multiple doses outcomes have never been studied. Objectives To evaluate the effects of wildflower honey, given for three subsequent evenings, on non-specific acute paediatric cough, compared to dextromethorphan (DM) and levodropropizine (LDP), which are the most prescribed over-the-counter (OTC) antitussives in Italy. Methods 134 children suffering from non-specific acute cough were randomised to receive for three subsequent evenings a mixture of milk (90 ml) and wildflower hon…